Sir Ronald Sanders
Candidate for
Secretary-General of the Commonwealth
“The Government of Antigua and Barbuda has nominated Sir Ronald Sanders as the next
Secretary-General of the Commonwealth and is pleased to commend him to the association of
Commonwealth Nations. He is a diplomat and a scholar, a man of vision and of practicality, a
man of ideals and of ideas – and a man of proven commitment to the Commonwealth.”
Gaston Browne, Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda
Sir Ronald Sanders has a unique breadth of senior experience
of the Commonwealth. He has a strong vision of it being more
relevant and effective for its member states and an influence for
progress in the global community.
Relevant Background
Sir Ronald’s Service in the Inter-governmental Commonwealth
Sir Ron has extensive and intimate knowledge and experience of the operations of the
Commonwealth and the Secretariat, having:
  • Served for two periods on the Board of Governors of the Commonwealth Secretariat in 1984-1987 and
  • 1996-2004, and on the Board of Governors of the Commonwealth Foundation.
  • Participated in meetings of Commonwealth Heads of Government and Commonwealth Foreign
  • Ministers since 1983 and led delegations to Meetings of Senior Officials and in various negotiating and
    drafting groups.
  • Worked as an active member of the Commonwealth Committee on Southern Africa to end racism
  • and apartheid, and was one of three High Commissioners elected by his peers to liaise with the
    UN Committee against Apartheid.
  • Served as a special adviser to the Commonwealth Secretariat and the World Bank on small states.
  • Worked as a member and the Rapporteur of the Commonwealth Eminent Persons Group (EPG)
  • commissioned by Heads of Government to report on reform of the Commonwealth (2010-
    2011). He drafted the report of the Group which formed the basis for the restructuring of the
    Commonwealth and its current strategic plan.
    Given his wealth of experience and knowledge, he is distinctively well suited to take on the role
    as an effective Secretary-General in a time of change.
    2
    With Sir Shridath Ramphal (Second Commonwealth Secretary-General) and Nelson Mandela in 1990
    Scholar and Writer
    Sir Ron has a solid background as a scholar, writer and advocate for the Commonwealth.
    He is currently a Senior Fellow at the Institute of Commonwealth Studies, University of London
    and also a Senior Fellow at Massey College, University of Toronto.
    He is acknowledged as one of the leading Commonwealth authorities on small states, a subject on
    which he has written and spoken extensively. His published works on the Commonwealth in books,
    journals and newspapers are widely cited throughout the Commonwealth. This was recognised by the
    award of an honorary Doctor of Letters (D.Litt) by the University of the West Indies in October 2014.
    Sir Ron is also a member of the International Advisory Board of The Round Table: The Commonwealth
    Journal of International Affairs .
    He is eminently knowledgeable about Commonwealth affairs and well equipped to meet the
    intellectual challenges of the post of Secretary-General.
    Business Experience
    Sir Ron also has a business background, having been variously a General Manager, a chief negotiator
    and a company director of telecommunications organisations in Guyana, Barbados, Belize and the
    United States; financial institutions in Antigua and Barbuda and Geneva; a sustainable forestry
    company in Guyana; and as consultant on public-private sector partnerships to a leading legal firm in
    Canada. His experience of leading multi-disciplinary teams across borders will be invaluable.
    As Secretary-General his corporate knowledge would enable him to build a network
    of connections with large private sector companies to bring additional resources to the
    development work of the Commonwealth.
    3
    Wider International Experience
    In his diplomatic career, Sir Ronald has served as:
  • Senior Ambassador with cabinet rank.
  • Chief Negotiator on aid and investment agreements with the People’s Republic of China; a Bilateral
  • Investment Treaty with the United Kingdom; Tax Information Exchange Agreements with the US,
    Australia and New Zealand; a Bilateral Air Services Agreement with the United Kingdom.
  • An elected member of the governing Board of UNESCO (1985-1987).
  • An elected member of the International Programme for the Development of Communications at
  • UNESCO (1983-1985).
  • Ambassador and negotiator at the World Trade Organisation (1997-2004) for small and vulnerable
  • economies. He is the only ambassador of a small state to lead successfully a trade dispute at the WTO
    against any country (in this case, the USA).
  • Chairman of the Caribbean Financial Action Task Force against drug trafficking, money laundering
  • and financing of terrorism (2002-2004); he has also worked with the G-7 created Financial Action
    Task Force and the IMF in furtherance of international best practice in regulation and enforcement.
  • Deputy Permanent Representative to the United Nations and non-resident Ambassador to the
  • Commission of the European Union.
    His work with several international organisations provides the basis for networking Commonwealth
    concerns into the wider international community to achieve the attention they deserve.
    Sir Ronald’s wide diplomatic and international experience makes him an ideal candidate to rise to the
    challenges of engaging member states at the highest level in a renewed and revitalised Commonwealth.
    With Malcolm Fraser, former Prime Minister of Australia and co-Chair of the Eminent Persons Group on ending apartheid
    4
    A Secretary-General for a strengthened Commonwealth
    A Communicator
    Having worked as a broadcast journalist, a writer and a much praised public speaker, Sir Ron
    understands the importance of public communications in all its forms. His widely published weekly
    commentaries over the last 10 years give him a global voice.
    He would bring to the post of Secretary-General his experience as a communicator and his
    experience as a champion of the Commonwealth’s causes.
    Committed to a Commonwealth of the People
    Sir Ron has worked with representatives of several Commonwealth and non-governmental
    organisations and is a strong believer in the importance of their work to maintain and strengthen “A
    Commonwealth of the People” across the broad spectrum of collective Commonwealth activities,
    including broadcasting, education, health, law, youth, local government and ecology.
    He would strengthen consultation and co-operation with these organisations to promote the
    Commonwealth in practical, beneficial and efficient ways.
    Receiving Honorary Doctor of Letters from The
    T. Nkobi Treasurer-General and Solly Smith, UK
    University of the West Indies
    Representative of African National Congress in 1987
    5
    The Task at Hand
    The global community is faced with challenges, including: dealing with terrorism, intolerance,
    gender, youth unemployment, debt, poverty, extreme inequality within and between nations, the lack
    of development finance, climate change, the plight of small and vulnerable economies, and the urgent
    need for fair trade and greater trade facilitation.
    The Commonwealth alone cannot solve these problems but it can make a meaningful and vital contribution
    to overcoming them. To do so, the Commonwealth has to be revitalised and made more relevant.
    The Commonwealth represents over 2 billion people, a quarter of the United Nations’ membership
    and consists of nations from every continent. It includes every major racial and religious group in the
    world and is uniquely placed to develop initiatives and pursue solutions to global problems.
    But it faces two major, interrelated problems. The first is a lack of financial resources. The second is a North-
    South divisiveness that weakens the association whose great strength was always its capacity to marry diversity
    into consensus – to be flexible in the pursuit of common and vital goals. Both issues have to be tackled.
    More resources have to be mobilised on the basis of beneficial performance that can be measured,
    and the emphasis must be placed on meeting development challenges within a framework of political
    stability that encourages investment and trade.
    The absence of vibrant initiatives to keep Heads of Government fully engaged in preserving and
    strengthening the Commonwealth has led to the inertia and lack of enthusiasm we now see. The
    machinery of the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meetings has lost its effectiveness and attraction.
    Fewer Heads of Government are attending Summit meetings and the “retreat” – the mechanism in which
    they alone talked freely and frankly with each other on a range of crucial issues – has been weakened.
    The absence of meaningful consultation between governments and non-governmental organisations has
    also weakened enthusiasm for the potential of the Commonwealth as a force for good.
    Healing rifts, rebuilding confidence and consensus, restructuring machinery and lifting the profile of the
    Commonwealth are the essential tasks at hand if the association is to continue to play a dynamic role in
    the development of its member states and to contribute to solving shared global problems.
    These tasks require experience of the
    operations of the Commonwealth
    Secretariat, knowledge of the
    statecraft that has made the voluntary
    association work in the past and the
    capacity to re-enthuse all member
    states to make it work effectively again.
    Sir Ron has all of these qualities.
    With former Malaysia Prime Minister Tun Abdullah
    Badawi and present Prime Minister Najib Razak
    6
    Sir Ronald’s Vision for the Commonwealth
    The vision that Sir Ron has for a vibrant and relevant Commonwealth and for the role of the
    Secretary-General has been set out in his public speeches and writings.
    The key elements of his vision are:
    “Each of its member states needs the Commonwealth for the advancement of its domestic and global
    concerns. The Commonwealth provides to every government an outreach at the highest levels in an
    atmosphere of intimacy that is invaluable.”
    “Consensus reached in Commonwealth councils on global matters and on issues of particular interest to the
    well-being of member states—individually, regionally and globally— can be taken into each of the multilateral
    organisations of which Commonwealth countries are members and into the UN and its agencies, into the
    World Bank and the World Trade Organisation. The Commonwealth has done so successfully in the past and it
    can continue to do so. In this sense, the Commonwealth is a gift—a gift to its member states and to the world—
    and one which none of its member states should squander. In a troubled global reality, there remains an urgent
    and practical need for the Commonwealth association.”
    “The Commonwealth will never be a conventionally powerful organisation and it should not aim to be – it
    is not a military or economic grouping. But it can be an association of considerable influence for good in
    its countries individually and collectively as well as for the international community. Commonwealth
    members need to accentuate the matters on which they find common ground on issues such as: fair and just
    trade; addressing terrorism; reform of the international financial system to boost economic development;
    promoting understanding and tolerance of the rights of minority communities; tackling climate change and
    global warming; looking to the needs of small and vulnerable states; strengthening democratic institutions for
    economic and social development as much as for political stability”.
    “All this, however, is a matter of balance – balance that could be accomplished by rational discussion in the
    spirit of compromise and consensus that has been the hallmark of every successful Commonwealth venture
    and initiative. It is this spirit that is disappearing from the Commonwealth discourse, and that urgently
    requires rebuilding and re-establishing”.
    Sir Ron’s vision could provide the
    stimulus needed to generate greater
    enthusiasm for the Commonwealth
    among Heads of Government and
    others whose commitment will be
    needed to re-energise the organisation.
    Addressing NGO’s at CHOGM in Perth 2011
    7
    Sir Ronald’s Perspective on the Secretary-General’s Role
    “The task of creating a vision and purpose for the Commonwealth that will appeal to leaders of the
    Commonwealth and gain their support falls substantially on the Secretary-General. If the Secretary-General
    does not proffer a vision of the Commonwealth that is politically appealing to, and motivational for, Heads
    of Government, and if the Secretariat does not deliver work that excites the imagination of governments,
    non-governmental organisations, the media, academia and the people of Commonwealth countries, the
    association could wither and die.”
    “The next Secretary-General has to have a compelling vision for the organisation’s role for its member states
    and for the part the Commonwealth can play in global affairs. He/she also has to have the capacity to
    advise Heads of Government prudently but fearlessly, to heal rifts between governments, and to find and
    promote common ground to advance the Commonwealth”.
    “The overriding objective must be to restore trust and confidence between governments, and between
    governments and the Secretariat, without which the Commonwealth may well descend into irrelevance and
    disintegration. Such trust, such confidence, such understanding and belief will not emerge by themselves,
    nor should they be presumed to exist. They require constant vigilance, promotion and advocacy by those who
    lead Commonwealth nations and those, such as the Secretary-General and Deputy Secretaries-General, who
    are charged with the Commonwealth’s full-time stewardship”.
    Sir Ronald has a clear understanding of the role of Secretary-General and the need to operate both
    at a high-level among heads of governments, ministers and senior officials of member states and as
    the inspirational leader of the team at the Commonwealth Secretariat.
    With Charles, Prince of Wales and Sir Don McKinnon (the fourth Commonwealth Secretary-General)
    8
    Examples of Sir Ronald’s Advocacy
    Publications
    Sir Ronald publishes a weekly commentary that is carried in major
    Antigua and Barbuda: A Little Bit of Paradise: A historical and
    newspapers in every Commonwealth Caribbean country. His
    contemporary guide to Antigua and Barbuda, Hansib, London, 1994.
    commentaries are also published on over a dozen Internet News
    websites with audiences of millions worldwide. These commentaries
    The Commonwealth Must Not Wake-up Feeling Terrible , The
    are often reproduced by publications in other parts of the world.
    Round Table: The Commonwealth Journal of International Affairs,
    July 1996.
    He is also the author of:
    The Growing Vulnerability of Small States , The Round Table: The
    Broadcasting in Guyana , Routledge and Kegan Paul, London, 1978.
    Commonwealth Journal of International Affairs, July 1997.
    Antigua and Barbuda: Transition, Trial and Triumph , Caribbean
    Commonwealth Edinburgh Summit: A Beneficial Encounter for
    Communication, London, 1984.
    Small States, The Round Table: The Commonwealth Journal of
    International Affairs, January 1998.
    Benefits for All - the Antarctic Issue in the UN , Mazingira,
    International Magazine for Environment and Development, Vol. 8
    The Commonwealth After Edinburgh, The Round Table: The
    No 4, Oxford, 1984.
    Commonwealth Journal of International Affairs, April 1998.
    Is Britain Indispensable to the Commonwealth? , The Round Table:
    The Fight Against Fiscal Colonialism, in Tax Competition: An
    The Commonwealth Journal of International Affairs, July 1987.
    Opportunity for Iceland, Hannes H Gissurarson and Tryggvi Thor
    Herbertson (eds), University of Iceland Press, 2001; also see OECD
    Introduced and edited, Inseparable Humanity - an Anthology
    and Small States in The Round Table: The Commonwealth Journal
    of Reflections of Shridath Ramphal, Commonwealth Secretary
    of International Affairs, July 2002.
    General , Hansib Publishing, London, 1988.
    The Future of Financial Services in the Caribbean , In
    Indian Indenture: Another Slavery , in Third World Impact,
    International Tax Competition: Globalisation and Fiscal
    Hansib Publishing, London, 1988.
    Sovereignty, Rajiv Biswas (ed), Commonwealth Secretariat, London,
    2002.
    At the Crossroads of History: Unity in the West Indies , West
    Indian Digest, London, December 1988/January 1989.
    Introduced and edited, Antigua Vision, Caribbean Reality:
    Perspectives of Prime Minister Lester Bird , Hansib, London,
    Political Union in the OECS: An Opportunity Squandered ,
    May, 2002.
    Caribbean Affairs, Trinidad, April-June 1989, Trinidad; also,
    Political Union: An Opportunity Lost , The Courier, No 116,
    Crime in the Caribbean: An Overwhelming Phenomenon ,
    Brussels, July-August 1989.
    Hansib, London, May 2003.
    The Effectiveness of UNCTAD as an Instrument for the
    War on Terror and the Erosion of Rights , Hansib, London, June
    Third World , The Round Table: The Commonwealth Journal
    2003.
    of International Affairs, July 1989. Also, An Assessment of
    UNCTAD’s Effectiveness as an Instrument to Promote the
    Crumbled Small: The Commonwealth Caribbean in World
    Interests of the Third World , Chapter XIII in Peace by Pieces:
    Politics , Hansib, London, 2005.
    United Nations Agencies and Their Roles, Robert N Wells Jr (ed),
    Scarecrow Press Inc, New Jersey, 1991.
    Ramphal, the US-led invasion of Grenada, and the
    Commonwealth , in Shridath Ramphal: The Commonwealth and
    Diplomacy in the Foreign Policy of Small States , The Round
    the World, Essays in honour of his 80th birthday, edited by Richard
    Table: The Commonwealth Journal of International Affairs,
    Bourne, Hansib, London, 2008.
    October 1989.
    The Benefits of Being neither Fish nor Fowl: The UK Caribbean
    Narcotics, Corruption and Development: The Problem in the
    Overseas Territories in the International Community , in
    Smaller Islands , Caribbean Affairs, Trinidad, January-March 1990.
    Governance in the Non-Independent Caribbean: Challenges and
    opportunities in the twenty-first century, edited by Peter Clegg and
    The Drug Problem: Social and Economic Effects , Caribbean
    Emilio Pantojas-Garcia, Ian Randle Publishers, 2009.
    Affairs, Trinidad, July-September 1990.
    The Commonwealth as a champion of small states in The
    Britain and the Caribbean: A Caribbean Perspective , Chapter
    Contemporary Commonwealth, edited by James Mayall, Routledge,
    7 in Europe and the Caribbean, Paul Sutton (ed), Macmillan,
    2010.
    London, 1991.
    The Commonwealth at its Turning Point: The EPG Report and
    The Drug Problem: Policy Options for Caribbean Countries ,
    CHOGM 2011 , The Round Table: The Commonwealth Journal of
    Chapter 12 in Democracy in the Caribbean: Political, Economic
    International Affairs, December 2011.
    and Social Perspectives, Robert A Pastor et al (eds), Johns Hopkins
    University Press, 1993.
    9
    Asserting the Rights of Smallness: Small and Vulnerable
    Reparations for Slavery: Can a claim be sustained? , posted on the
    Economies at the WTO , in Reflections from the Frontline:
    website of the Institute of Commonwealth Studies, 13 August 2013.
    Developing country negotiators in the WTO, edited by Pradeep S.
    Mehta, Atul Kaushik, and Rashid S.Kaukab, Academic Foundation,
    The EPG wanted Ireland back in the Commonwealth , posted
    2012.
    13 December 2013, on website of the Institute of Commonwealth
    Studies.
    A Commonwealth Free Trade Area is neither likely nor desirable ,
    Commonwealth Advisory Bureau, Institute of Commonwealth
    The Commonwealth after Colombo: Can it be meaningful
    Studies, University of London, 2012.
    again? , The Round Table: The Commonwealth Journal of
    International Affairs, February 2014.
    Success of EPG Recommendations Depends on Leadership , The
    Round Table: The Commonwealth Journal of International Affairs,
    The Commonwealth at the Crossroads , in The Ministers
    March 2013.
    Reference Book: Commonwealth 2015, March 2015, Henley
    Media Group, London.
    The Commonwealth and China: Upholding values, containing
    the dragon? , The Round Table: The Commonwealth Journal of
    International Affairs, June 2013.
    Public Speaking and Panel Participation
    Featured Speaker in the United Kingdom House of Commons for
    Featured Speaker at Insight Europe , a seminar on negotiations for
    the launch of Friends of UNESCO when UK Government withdrew
    middle management officers from 15 European Countries, held at
    from UNESCO in 1985.
    the Civil Service Staff College, UK, 7 September 1999.
    Speaker at Symposium on Narcotics, Corruption and Development in
    Member of Panel on Offshore Banking: Blessing or Curse at
    the Caribbean , Centre for Caribbean Studies, Warwick University,
    International Monetary Fund (IMF)/Caribbean Development Bank
    July 1989.
    sponsored Seminar on “The Caribbean coping with Globalisation”,
    Barbados, 8-9 February 2000.
    Featured Speaker at first St Catherine’s Conference on the
    Commonwealth held at Cumberland Lodge on the theme Is Britain
    Member of Panel on Offshore Centres: The Way Ahead at
    Indispensable to the Commonwealth? , April 1987.
    International Fraud Convention, London, 26 June 2001, organised
    by International Financial Exhibitions Ltd to examine the
    Featured Speaker at a Seminar on Political Union in the Windward
    international response to tackling fraud.
    Islands of the Caribbean organised by the High Commissions of
    Grenada, Dominica, St Kitts-Nevis, St Vincent and the Grenadines
    Featured Speaker on Response to the OECD’s modified Harmful Tax
    and Dominica at the Commonwealth Institute. London, 12
    Competition Initiative at PricewaterhouseCoopers Conference on
    November 1988.
    Investment, 7 September 2001, at Paradise Island, The Bahamas.
    Featured Speaker to Commonwealth Fellows on The Commonwealth
    Member of Panel on Tax Competition at Conference on “Tax
    at Farnham Castle, UK, March 1997, organised by the
    Competition: An Opportunity for Iceland” in Reykjavik, Iceland, 2
    Commonwealth Foundation.
    November 2001.
    Featured Speaker on The Commonwealth in International Affairs at
    Keynote Speaker at Conference on Transnational Crime in the
    The Royal College of Defence Studies, London to senior members
    Caribbean Basin: Policy Options organised by The Canadian
    of the public service, diplomatic corps and armed services from 86
    Foundation for the Americas in Ottawa, Canada, March 2003.
    countries, 6 May 1997.
    Speaker on Anti-terrorism legislation and Human Rights at a
    Featured Speaker on The Commonwealth After Edinburgh at a
    Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative Seminar at the Institute
    Cumberland Lodge Conference of Heads of Commonwealth
    of Commonwealth Studies, London, 5 June 2003.
    Organisations in the UK, representatives of the Media and Captains
    of Industry, January 1998.
    Public lecture on the Caribbean – Hope after Disasters - at the
    London Metropolitan University at the invitation of the Vice
    Member of Commonwealth Foundation Panel on The
    Chancellor, November 2005.
    Commonwealth and Small Island States for Commonwealth Fellows
    at the Institute of Commonwealth Studies, London, 11 March
    Public Lecture at Cave Hill Campus, UWI: The Evolution of CANA
    1998.
    and the Role of the Regional Media in the Caribbean Single Market ,
    16 May 2006.
    Chairman of Panel on Media and the Global Environment at the
    First Ministerial Assembly of the Global Environmental Facility in
    Public Lecture at the Royal Institute of International Affairs
    New Delhi, India, 3 April 1998.
    (Chatham House), London: Venezuela in the Caribbean: Expanding
    its sphere of influence , 17 April 2007.
    Member of Panel at Conference on Montserrat , Institute of
    Commonwealth Studies, London, 18 May 1998.
    Public Lecture: The Commonwealth Caribbean and the new
    Colonialism: risks and resistance in an age of globalization , at The
    Watershed Media Centre, Bristol, UK, 26 June 2007.
    10
    Lecture: Caribbean in a Global World : UNESCO Sponsored
    Featured speech at the International Centre for Research and
    Caribbean Media Conference in Grenada (Grand Anse), 14 May
    Development, Ottawa, Canada: The Boy on the Burning Deck:
    2009.
    Canada and the Commonwealth , 2 May 2013.
    A paper to: Commonwealth Caribbean Business Media Workshop,
    Presentation in the House of Commons, London, at Six months to
    Crown Plaza Hotel, Port-of-Spain, Trinidad, 3 June 2009.
    CHOGM Forum a Critique and Analysis of the Commonwealth
    Charter, 15 May 2013.
    Lecture: Caribbean and Central America: The US Near Abroad:
    Seeking Stability in a fractious world , Delivered at The Royal College
    Presentation on: The Legacy of Empire: The View from the Caribbean ,
    of Defence Studies, London, to 85 high-ranking military officers
    at Conference on the Legacy of (the British Empire) at Senate
    from Europe, Latin America, Africa, Asia and the Middle-East, 15
    House, London, 20 May 2013, organised by the Institute of
    September 2009.
    Commonwealth Studies and the Overseas Services Pensioners
    Association.
    Public Statement launching the book, From Ranji to Rohan by
    Professor Clem Seecharan at London Metropolitan University, 19
    Presentation on: New Caribbean oil exploration: high risks, high
    November 2009.
    rewards? at the Inaugural Dr Eric Williams Panel Discussion,
    organised by the British Foundation of the University of the West
    Remarks at an Informal Consultation on Reinvigorating the
    Indies, at The Commonwealth Club, London, 22 May 2013.
    Commonwealth at Wilton Park, 1 September 2010.
    Statement at China-Latin America Think Tank Forum in Beijing,
    Keynote address: Perth and the EPG challenge , at a Pre- CHOGM
    China, 22 July 2013, on Special Circumstances of the Caribbean in
    Briefing on: “The Commonwealth: Issues and Challenges” organised
    the Latin America and Caribbean framework in relation to China.
    by The Commonwealth Association and The Round Table with The
    Commonwealth Parliamentary Association and the Commonwealth
    The Commonwealth in troubling times: Inaugural Lecture to mark
    Press Union Trust, 12 October 2011, at the CPA/IPU Rooms,
    the Centenary of the Royal Charter to the Bristol Commonwealth
    Westminster Hall, Houses of Parliament, London.
    Society at the Mansion House, Bristol, UK, 12 October 2013.
    Lecture: The choice for the Commonwealth remains stark: Reform
    The Moral case for Reparations for Slavery , Presentation at a Panel
    or Wither at the opening of the Commonwealth Advisory Bureau
    Discussion at Senate House, University of London, 18 October
    Conference on “100 days after CHOGM” at the University of
    2013.
    London, Senate House, 7 February 2012.
    Troubling Times: The Commonwealth beyond Colombo , Closing
    Public Lecture: The Modern Commonwealth: Its relevance to St
    Address at a Pre-Commonwealth Heads of Government Forum
    Vincent and the Grenadines- a Small Island Developing State , a Public
    on “The Commonwealth in Colombo: Prospects for the 2013
    Discourse celebrating the Commonwealth in Kingstown, St Vincent
    Commonwealth Summit”, organised by The Round Table,
    and the Grenadines, in the Diamond Jubilee Year of Her Majesty
    The Institute of Commonwealth Studies, The Commonwealth
    Queen Elizabeth II, Head of the Commonwealth, 15 March 2012.
    Journalists Association (UK), the Commonwealth Human Rights
    Initiative, and the Commonwealth Association at Senate House,
    Keynote address: The attractions of Nationhood: Illusion and Reality
    University of London, 21 October 2013.
    - Lessons from the CARICOM experience at The 50-50 Caribbean
    Conference: Surveying the Past, Mapping the Future, UCCI
    Can Malta rescue the Commonwealth? , after-dinner presentation
    Campus, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands, 22 March 2012.
    on 9 January 2014, at “An enduring family of nations?: the
    Commonwealth after Colombo”, Round Table Post-CHOGM
    Public Lecture: The Commonwealth in crisis is reform possible? , 15
    Conference, 9-10 January 2014, Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge.
    November 2012, Deller Hall, Senate House, University of London.
    Speaker at A Commonwealth for the 21st Century: leadership, values,
    Presentation of a paper entitled, The Caribbean and the Wider World:
    people , organised by the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office,
    What will future relationships look like? at Contemporary Caribbean
    Wilton Park, 31 March to 2 April 2014.
    Workshop, British High Commission, Barbados, 27-28 November
    2012.
    Speaker at colloquium on Why Join the Commonwealth , organised
    by the Institute of Commonwealth Studies at Senate House,
    Public Lecture at Senate House, London University on: The
    London University, 10 July 2014.
    Commonwealth and China: Upholding values, containing the dragon? ,
    23 February 2013.
    The University of the West Indies has led development in the West
    Indian Caribbean , Address at the Graduation of the Social Sciences
    Statement launching In The Ring: A Commonwealth Memoir ,
    Faculty of the St Augustine Campus of the University of the West
    by Sir Donald McKinnon, former Secretary-General of the
    Indies, 24 October 2014.
    Commonwealth (2000-2008) at Marlborough House, London, 26
    February 2013.
    Speaker at the “Energy Conference 2015” organised by The Energy
    Chamber of Trinidad and Tobago at the Hyatt Hotel, Port of
    Statement at Colloquium on Export-led growth for the Caribbean
    Spain, on 26 January 2015: Changing Geopolitics of Energy in the
    organised by Caribbean Export in Barbados, March 2013.
    Caribbean .
    11
    The Government of Antigua and
    Barbuda is pleased to make Sir Ronald
    available to the Commonwealth.
    12